Roughly chop the scallions, yellow onion, ginger, and any jalapeños or serranos you are using. Stem the Scotch bonnet peppers and remove seeds and membranes if you prefer a milder marinade. Peel the garlic cloves.
6-8 scallions (green onions), 1 small yellow onion, 6-8 cloves garlic, 2-3 Scotch bonnet peppers, 1-2 jalapeños or serrano peppers, 2 tablespoons fresh ginger
Add the scallions, yellow onion, garlic, Scotch bonnet peppers, jalapeños or serranos (if using), ginger, and thyme to a blender or food processor to form the wet base.
6-8 scallions (green onions), 1 small yellow onion, 6-8 cloves garlic, 2-3 Scotch bonnet peppers, 1-2 jalapeños or serrano peppers, 2 tablespoons fresh ginger, 2 tablespoons fresh thyme leaves
Add the ground allspice, cinnamon, nutmeg, black pepper, salt, and brown sugar. Pour in the soy sauce, vinegar, lime juice, and orange juice. If using citrus zest and fresh parsley or cilantro, add them now.
2 teaspoons ground allspice, 1/2 teaspoon ground cinnamon, 1/4 teaspoon ground nutmeg, 1-2 teaspoons freshly ground black pepper, 1-2 teaspoons kosher salt, 2-3 tablespoons brown sugar, 1/4 cup soy sauce, 2 tablespoons apple cider vinegar, 1/4 cup fresh lime juice, 1/4 cup orange juice, 1 tablespoon citrus zest, 2 tablespoons fresh parsley or cilantro
Pour in 1/4 cup of neutral oil. The oil helps the marinade coat and cling to meats and vegetables.
1/4-1/3 cup neutral oil
Blend on medium-high until the mixture forms a thick, pourable sauce. For a slightly chunkier, rustic texture, pulse instead of fully pureeing. If the marinade is too thick, add a tablespoon or two of orange juice or water. If it is too thin, add a bit more onion or a scallion.
Taste a small amount of the marinade carefully—it will be strong and concentrated. Adjust the salt, brown sugar, or lime juice to balance the flavors. Be cautious about adding extra hot peppers, as the heat will intensify during cooking.
1-2 teaspoons kosher salt, 2-3 tablespoons brown sugar, 1/4 cup fresh lime juice
Place chicken, pork, shrimp, fish, tofu, or vegetables in a large zip-top bag or shallow glass dish. Pour enough marinade over to coat thoroughly, reserving some in a separate container if you want to use it later for basting. Seal or cover and massage gently so everything is evenly coated.
Refrigerate and marinate according to the type of protein or vegetables: 4–24 hours for chicken pieces, 4–24 hours for pork chops or tenderloin, 30 minutes to 1 hour for shrimp or fish, and 1–4 hours for tofu or vegetables.
Grill, roast, or pan-sear the marinated food until cooked through and nicely charred in spots. For a more traditional jerk flavor, cook over charcoal with a bit of wood smoke.
Let cooked meats rest briefly, then serve with sides such as rice and peas, grilled pineapple, or cabbage slaw. Finish with a squeeze of fresh lime juice if desired.